Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is an operation to treat angina and to reduce the risk of a heart attack. Angina is chest pain caused by low oxygen levels to the heart due to narrowing or blockages known as coronary artery disease. The aim of the operation is to restore the blood supply to the heart. With a successful CABG operation, most patients can expect a marked improvement in quality of life as well as increased life expectancy. The operation involves using bypasses from behind the breast bone (LIMA), arm arteries (radial graft) and leg veins. Mario Petrou routinely offers patients the choice of keyhole surgery to remove the vein from the leg which minimises pain. The operation can be done with or sometimes without the use of a heart lung machine (pump) and Mario Petrou is trained in both on pump and off pump CABG. Mario Petrou has been a consultant cardiac surgeon for 20 years and in that time has operated on approximately 2000 such patients. He consistently achieves a survival rate of over 99%.